Spanish vocabulary › Arguing & linking ideas

Spanish arguing & linking ideas vocabulary

44 words at level B2, with English translations and example sentences. Spain's words come first, with Latin American alternatives where they differ.

Spanish	English	Example
en primer lugar	firstly, in the first place	En primer lugar, quiero dar las gracias. First of all, I'd like to say thank you.
por un lado… por otro (lado)…	on the one hand… on the other (hand)…	Por un lado es barato; por otro, está lejos. On the one hand it's cheap; on the other, it's far away.
además	also, besides, as well; además de = as well as	Es caro y, además, es feo. It's expensive and, what's more, it's ugly.
asimismo	likewise, also (formal)	Asimismo, se aprobó el presupuesto. The budget was also approved.
sin embargo	however, nevertheless	Lo intentó; sin embargo, no lo consiguió. She tried; however, she didn't manage it.
no obstante	nevertheless, however	No obstante, hay excepciones. However, there are exceptions.
aunque	although, even though; even if	Aunque llueva, saldremos. Even if it rains, we'll go out.
a pesar de	despite, in spite of	A pesar del frío, fuimos a la playa. Despite the cold, we went to the beach.
a pesar de que	even though, despite the fact that	A pesar de que estaba cansada, siguió trabajando. Even though she was tired, she kept working.
en cambio	on the other hand, whereas	Él es tranquilo; ella, en cambio, es muy nerviosa. He's calm; she, on the other hand, is very nervous.
mientras que	while, whereas	Yo madrugo, mientras que mi pareja trasnocha. I get up early, whereas my partner stays up late.
porque	because	No voy porque estoy cansado. I'm not going because I'm tired.
ya que	since, given that	Ya que estás aquí, ayúdame. Since you're here, help me.
puesto que	since, given that (formal)	Puesto que nadie se opone, seguimos. Since no one objects, we'll continue.
debido a	due to, because of	El vuelo se canceló debido a la niebla. The flight was cancelled due to fog.
por eso	that's why, so	Estaba enfermo; por eso no vino. He was ill; that's why he didn't come.
por lo tanto	therefore, so	No hay pruebas; por lo tanto, es inocente. There's no evidence; therefore, he's innocent.
así que	so (result)	Llovía, así que nos quedamos en casa. It was raining, so we stayed in.
de modo que	so, so that	No contestó, de modo que me fui. She didn't answer, so I left.
para que	so that (+ subj.)	Te lo digo para que lo sepas. I'm telling you so that you know.
con el fin de	in order to (formal)	Se reunieron con el fin de llegar a un acuerdo. They met in order to reach an agreement.
siempre que	as long as, provided that (+ subj.); whenever	Puedes venir siempre que avises. You can come as long as you let us know.
a no ser que	unless (+ subj.)	Iremos a no ser que llueva. We'll go unless it rains.
en caso de que	in case, if (+ subj.)	En caso de que no venga, llámame. If he doesn't come, call me.
es decir	that is (to say)	Llega pasado mañana, es decir, el jueves. He arrives the day after tomorrow, that is, on Thursday.
o sea	I mean, in other words (informal)	O sea, que no vienes. So, in other words, you're not coming.
por ejemplo	for example	Hay muchas opciones, por ejemplo, el tren. There are lots of options, the train for example.
en concreto	specifically, in particular	Me refiero, en concreto, a los precios. I'm referring specifically to prices.
de hecho	in fact, actually	De hecho, ya lo sabía. In fact, I already knew.
en realidad	actually, in fact	En realidad no es tan difícil. Actually, it's not that difficult.
en cuanto a	as for, as regards	En cuanto al precio, lo hablamos mañana. As for the price, we'll talk about it tomorrow.
respecto a	regarding, with respect to	Respecto a tu pregunta, no lo sé. Regarding your question, I don't know.
en mi opinión	in my opinion	En mi opinión, es un error. In my opinion, it's a mistake.
desde mi punto de vista	from my point of view	Desde mi punto de vista, tienes razón. From my point of view, you're right.
estar de acuerdo con	to agree with	No estoy de acuerdo contigo. I don't agree with you.
tener razón	to be right	Tienes toda la razón. You're absolutely right.
sin duda	undoubtedly, without a doubt	Es, sin duda, el mejor restaurante. It's undoubtedly the best restaurant.
está claro que	it's clear that	Está claro que algo ha fallado. It's clear something has gone wrong.
no creo que	I don't think (that) (+ subj.)	No creo que tengas razón. I don't think you're right.
por supuesto	of course	Por supuesto que te ayudo. Of course I'll help you.
en resumen	in short, to sum up	En resumen, fue un buen año. To sum up, it was a good year.
en conclusión	in conclusion	En conclusión, hay que actuar ya. In conclusion, we have to act now.
al fin y al cabo	after all, at the end of the day	Al fin y al cabo, es tu decisión. At the end of the day, it's your decision.
por último	lastly, finally	Por último, quiero hablar del futuro. Finally, I'd like to talk about the future.

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