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French grammar lessons › Level A1 › Verbs, Tenses & Conjugation

Pouvoir, vouloir, devoir – present tense

Can, want, must

Pouvoir (can), vouloir (to want) and devoir (must, to have to) are modal verbs. They're usually followed directly by an infinitive, with no preposition in between.

Conjugation

pouvoirvouloirdevoir
jepeuxveuxdois
tupeuxveuxdois
il / ellepeutveutdoit
nouspouvonsvoulonsdevons
vouspouvezvoulezdevez
ils / ellespeuventveulentdoivent

+ infinitive

  • Je peux venir demain.I can come tomorrow.
  • Tu veux danser ?Do you want to dance?
  • Nous devons partir.We must leave.
  • Vous pouvez répéter, s'il vous plaît ?Can you repeat, please?

Never put de or à after these verbs: je veux de partir.

Meanings

  • pouvoir: ability or permission. Je peux entrer ? = May I come in? (To talk about a learned skill, use savoir: Je sais nager, see Savoir vs connaître.)
  • vouloir: wanting. Je veux can sound demanding; for polite requests use je voudrais (Je voudrais vs je veux).
  • devoir: obligation, or probability (Il doit être malade = He must be ill), or owing (Je te dois 10 €). See Devoir.

Negative

Ne … pas goes around the conjugated verb:

  • Je ne peux pas venir.I can't come.
  • Tu ne dois pas fumer ici.You mustn't smoke here.

Practice

  1. Je _____ t'aider. (pouvoir)
    I can help you.
    Show the answer

    peux

  2. Tu _____ un café ? (vouloir)
    Show the answer

    veux

  3. Il _____ partir. (devoir)
    He must leave.
    Show the answer

    doit

  4. Nous _____ venir. (pouvoir)
    Show the answer

    pouvons

In the app, this lesson is taught one idea at a time with the examples read aloud, followed by questions that explain the rule when you get one wrong. It then comes back for review on later days until you've mastered it.