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Spanish grammar lessons › Level A2 › Preterite vs imperfect

Irregular preterites: ser/ir, tener, estar, hacer, poder, poner, venir

Fui, tuve, estuve, hice, pude, puse, vine

Part of the free A2 Spanish course. Press the speaker next to an example to hear it.

Several of the most frequent verbs are irregular in the preterite: they don't follow the pattern in Preterite of regular verbs. Most of them share one pattern.

Ser and ir: the same forms

Ser (to be) and ir (to go) have identical preterite forms. The sentence tells you which one it is: a + a place means ir.

Personser / ir
yofui
túfuiste
él / ella / ustedfue
nosotros/asfuimos
vosotros/asfuisteis
ellos / ellas / ustedesfueron
  • Fui al médico el martes.I went to the doctor on Tuesday.
  • La cena fue un desastre.The dinner was a disaster.
  • Elena fue profesora durante veinte años.Elena was a teacher for twenty years.

The "strong" preterites: a new stem and one set of endings

These verbs take a new stem and the same endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron. These endings have no written accent, because the stress falls on the stem: TU-ve, TU-vo.

InfinitiveNew stemyoél / ellaellos
tenertuv-tuvetuvotuvieron
estarestuv-estuveestuvoestuvieron
poderpud-pudepudopudieron
ponerpus-pusepusopusieron
venirvin-vinevinovinieron
hacerhic-hicehizohicieron
quererquis-quisequisoquisieron
sabersup-supesuposupieron

Hacer writes hizo with a z, to keep the same sound before o.

  • Tuvimos un problema con el coche.We had a problem with the car.
  • ¿Dónde estuviste el fin de semana?Where were you at the weekend?
  • ¿Qué hicisteis en Granada?What did you (all) do in Granada?
  • Mi padre hizo una paella enorme.My father made a huge paella.
  • No pude dormir anoche.I couldn't sleep last night.
  • Puse las llaves en la mesa.I put the keys on the table.
  • Mis tíos vinieron a la boda.My aunt and uncle came to the wedding.

Decir and traer: -eron, not -ieron

When the new stem ends in j, the ellos form is -eron: decir gives dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron; traer gives traje, trajiste, trajo… trajeron.

  • Mis vecinos nos dijeron la verdad.My neighbours told us the truth.

A few of these verbs shift meaning in the preterite (supe = I found out, no pude = I tried and failed). You will study that at B1: Verbs that change meaning in the preterite: supe, conocí, quise, pude.

Latin America

The forms are the same; ustedes replaces vosotros: ¿Qué hicieron ustedes en Granada?

Common mistakes

  • Hició or hico → hizo. A z before o, and no accent.
  • Tuvó, estuvó, pudó → tuvo, estuvo, pudo. Strong preterites never take an accent.
  • Venió, vení → vino, vine. Venir has the stem vin-.
  • Dijieron, trajieron → dijeron, trajeron. After j, the ending is -eron.
  • Poní → puse. Poner has the stem pus-.

Practice

  1. El sábado pasado _____ (yo, ir) al cine con Laura.
    Show the answer

    fui

  2. El concierto _____ fantástico.
    The concert was fantastic.
    Options: fue · fui · fueron
    Show the answer

    fue — Él/ella form of ser: fue. Fui is yo.

  3. In 'Mis padres fueron a Roma', fueron comes from…
    Options: ir · ser · estar
    Show the answer

    ir — A + a place shows movement, so it is ir. Ser and ir share their preterite forms.

  4. ¿Qué _____ (tú, hacer) ayer por la tarde?
    What did you do yesterday afternoon?
    Show the answer

    hiciste

In the app, this lesson is taught one idea at a time with the examples read aloud, followed by questions that explain the rule when you get one wrong. It then comes back for review on later days, until you've answered it correctly on three separate days.