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French grammar lessons › Level C2 › Verbs, Tenses & Conjugation

The passé antérieur

Quand il eut fini, il sortit.

The passé antérieur is the literary partner of the passé simple: it describes an action completed just before another action in the past, usually after quand, lorsque, dès que, après que, aussitôt que, à peine… que.

Formation

Auxiliary (avoir or être) in the passé simple + past participle.

finirpartir
jeeus finifus parti(e)
il / elleeut finifut parti(e)
ils / elleseurent finifurent parti(e)s
  • Quand il eut fini son repas, il sortit.When he had finished his meal, he went out.
  • Dès qu'elle fut partie, il ferma la porte.As soon as she had left, he shut the door.
  • À peine eut-il fini que la cloche sonna.No sooner had he finished than the bell rang.

In everyday French

In speech and ordinary writing you'll use the plus-que-parfait, or the "passé surcomposé" in some regions:

  • Quand il avait terminé, il partait.When he had finished, he would leave.

The passé antérieur only appears in a narrative told in the passé simple. In a story told in the passé composé, use the plus-que-parfait.

Related: Passé simple, Plus-que-parfait.

Practice

  1. Quand il _____ son repas, il sortit.
    Options: eut fini · avait fini · a fini
    Show the answer

    eut fini — In a passé simple narrative, an action completed just before another uses the passé antérieur.

  2. Dès qu'elle _____ partie, il ferma la porte. (être, passé antérieur)
    Show the answer

    fut

  3. The passé antérieur is formed with…
    Options: the auxiliary in the passé simple + past participle · the auxiliary in the imparfait + past participle · the future of the auxiliary
    Show the answer

    the auxiliary in the passé simple + past participle

  4. Après qu'ils _____, la ville se tut.
    Options: furent partis · partirent · étaient partis
    Show the answer

    furent partis

In the app, this lesson is taught one idea at a time with the examples read aloud, followed by questions that explain the rule when you get one wrong. It then comes back for review on later days until you've mastered it.