SparkAI logoSparkAI

Spanish grammar lessons › Level A1 › Prepositions & Conjunctions

Where things are: en, encima de, debajo de, al lado de, entre, cerca de

Saying where something is: está debajo de la cama, cerca del parque

Part of the free A1 Spanish course. Press the speaker next to an example to hear it.

Where is it?

To say where something is, use estar (Estar: how you are and where things are) + a word of place. To say that something exists somewhere, use hay (Hay: there is, there are).

SpanishEnglish
enin, on, at
encima deon top of, on
debajo deunder
delante dein front of
detrás debehind
al lado denext to
entre … y …between … and …
cerca denear
lejos defar from
enfrente deopposite
dentro deinside
fuera deoutside
a la derecha deto the right of
a la izquierda deto the left of

Most of these end in de, and de + el becomes del (a + el = al, de + el = del): cerca del parque.

  • El gato está debajo de la cama.The cat is under the bed.
  • Mi casa está cerca del parque.My house is near the park.
  • La farmacia está entre el banco y el supermercado.The pharmacy is between the bank and the supermarket.
  • El baño está al lado de la cocina.The bathroom is next to the kitchen.
  • Hay un árbol delante de la escuela.There's a tree in front of the school.
  • El aeropuerto está lejos de la ciudad.The airport is far from the city.
  • La parada de autobús está enfrente del hotel.The bus stop is opposite the hotel.

En: in, on and at

En covers English in, on and at. Encima de stresses “on top of”.

  • Las llaves están en la mesa.The keys are on the table.
  • Mis padres están en casa.My parents are at home.

Without a noun after it

If nothing follows, drop the de: Vivo cerca (I live nearby), El gato está fuera (The cat is outside), El coche está detrás (The car is behind).

Entre tú y yo

After entre, use tú and yo: entre tú y yo (between you and me). After the other prepositions, use mí and ti: cerca de mí, al lado de ti.

Estar or hay?

  • estar with a specific thing (el, la, mi, este): El banco está enfrente.
  • hay with a, some, numbers or no article: Hay un banco enfrente.

Common mistakes

  • Cerca la playa → Cerca de la playa. Don't drop de before a noun.
  • Al lado de el banco → Al lado del banco.
  • Entre mí y ti → Entre tú y yo.
  • En el lado de → Al lado de.
  • Hay el libro en la mesa → El libro está en la mesa. Specific things take estar.

Latin America

In much of Latin America you'll also hear adelante de and atrás de for delante de and detrás de, and in Colombia cerca a. The forms above are the standard ones and are understood everywhere.

Practice

  1. El perro duerme _____ la mesa.
    under the table
    Options: debajo de · encima de · entre
    Show the answer

    debajo de

  2. El colegio está _____ mi casa.
    near my house
    Show the answer

    cerca de — Cerca needs de before a noun.

  3. El hospital está _____ centro.
    far from the centre
    Show the answer

    lejos del — Lejos de + el centro = lejos del centro.

  4. La panadería está _____ el museo y la iglesia.
    Options: entre · al lado · cerca
    Show the answer

    entre — Entre … y … = between … and …

In the app, this lesson is taught one idea at a time with the examples read aloud, followed by questions that explain the rule when you get one wrong. It then comes back for review on later days, until you've answered it correctly on three separate days.