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German grammar lessons › Level A1 › German adjective endings

Adjectives after sein: Das Haus ist groß

After sein an adjective has no ending: Das Haus ist groß, die Kinder sind müde

Part of the free A1 German course. Press the speaker next to an example to hear it.

Describing things with sein

An adjective is a describing word: big, old, cheap, tired. The easiest place to use one in German is after the verb sein (to be), just as in English: The house is big.

After sein, the adjective never changes. It has no ending, whatever the gender of the noun and whether it is singular or plural.

Nounsentence
der Garten (masculine)Der Garten ist groß.
die Küche (feminine)Die Küche ist groß.
das Haus (neuter)Das Haus ist groß.
die Zimmer (plural)Die Zimmer sind groß.
  • Das Haus ist groß.The house is big.
  • Die Wohnung ist klein, aber sehr schön.The flat is small but very nice.
  • Die Kinder sind müde.The children are tired.
  • Mein Auto ist leider alt.My car is old, unfortunately.
  • Der Kaffee ist zu heiß.The coffee is too hot.

Endings only appear when the adjective stands in front of a noun (ein großes Haus). You will learn those later, in Adjective endings after der, die, das and Adjective endings after ein, kein, mein. For now: after sein, just the plain form.

Useful pairs

Learn adjectives in pairs of opposites:

groß (big, tall)klein (small)alt (old)jung (young)
alt (old)neu (new)teuer (expensive)billig (cheap)
gut (good)schlecht (bad)schön (nice, beautiful)hässlich (ugly)
lang (long)kurz (short)warm (warm)kalt (cold)
schnell (fast)langsam (slow)laut (loud)leise (quiet)
leicht (light, easy)schwer (heavy, difficult)interessantlangweilig (boring)

Make them stronger or weaker with a small word in front: sehr (very), ziemlich (quite), zu (too), nicht so (not that).

  • Der Film ist nicht so interessant.The film isn't that interesting.

Asking for a description

Ask Wie ist…? (What is … like?) or, for an opinion, Wie findest du…? (What do you think of…?). With finden the adjective also has no ending.

  • Wie ist das Wetter in Hamburg?What's the weather like in Hamburg?
  • Wie findest du den Rock?What do you think of the skirt?
  • Ich finde ihn ziemlich teuer.I think it's quite expensive.

It: er, sie or es

For things, German uses the pronoun that matches the noun's gender: der Tisch → er, die Lampe → sie, das Bett → es. English says it for all three.

  • Der Tisch ist neu, aber er ist sehr klein.The table is new, but it is very small.

Feeling cold, hot or bored is about how something feels to you, so German says Mir ist kalt (I'm cold), with mir from Dative pronouns: mir, dir, ihm. Ich bin kalt describes your personality: you are a cold person.

Common mistakes

  • Das Haus ist großes. → Das Haus ist groß. No ending after sein.
  • Die Kinder sind müden. → Die Kinder sind müde. Plural doesn't change it either.
  • Der Tisch? Es ist neu. → Er ist neu. Der Tisch is masculine, so “it” is er.
  • Ich bin kalt. (for the weather) → Mir ist kalt.
  • Ich bin langweilig. → Mir ist langweilig. Ich bin langweilig means “I am boring”.

Practice

  1. Das Zimmer ist _____.
    The room is small.
    Options: klein · kleines · kleine
    Show the answer

    klein — After sein the adjective takes no ending.

  2. Die Schuhe sind _____.
    The shoes are new.
    Options: neu · neue · neuen
    Show the answer

    neu — Plural or singular, after sein the adjective stays in its plain form.

  3. Die Suppe ist _____.
    The soup is cold.
    Show the answer

    kalt

  4. Unsere Lehrerin ist noch sehr _____.
    Our teacher is still very young.
    Show the answer

    jung — jung is young; the opposite is alt.

In the app, this lesson is taught one idea at a time with the examples read aloud, followed by questions that explain the rule when you get one wrong. It then comes back for review on later days, until you've answered it correctly on three separate days.